Harahap, Grace Yuswita
(2013)
Community Enhancement Through Participatory Planning: A Case Of Tsunami-Disaster Recovery Of Banda Aceh City, Indonesia.
PhD thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
This research aims to understand the mechanisms and procedures of public participation process
in tsunami-affected areas and to examine whether or not the process contributed to the recovery
of affected-community. The evaluation of public participation has been well documented;
however, the evaluation framework is deficient in assessing the extent to which participation
process has been successful in the fulfilment of its purpose—within the bigger context of
development which it belonged. In post-disaster context, redevelopment programs are strongly
expected to play a role in recovery of community. In conducting this ex-post evaluation study,
mixed methods approach is utilized, i.e. survey and personal interview. Survey data is analyzed
descriptively and interview data thematically. Both analyses are combined to enhance
understanding on participation matters. The instrument is developed by using Rowe and Frewer’s
evaluation framework criteria—to evaluate participation process, and additional self-developed
criteria—to evaluate the recovery of affected-community. By involving 44 respondents in survey
and 33 of them in interview in four most devastated villages in Banda Aceh, the results show that
(i) participation was accepted as a major effort to accommodate community views and considered
competent in involving affected-community in the participation process; and (ii) community’s
sense of confidence was restored during/after the participation process and they became
optimistic about their life. It is evident that the manner in which participation was facilitated was
fundamental for participation process to fulfil its purpose. Hence, the study contributes to the
broadening of the context, and deepening the scrutiny, of the existing evaluation approach on
public participation process. Further research is expected to develop a more comprehensive and
compact evaluation framework to evaluate the restoration of socio-economic vitality of affectedcommunity,
in an effort to ascertain whether or not the community is making progress towards
becoming a disaster resilient community—as the primary goal of disaster recovery efforts.
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