Ghani, Zaidi Ab (2019) Based Activated Carbon Incorporated With Iron Oxide Nanoparticles As Adsorbents In Landfill Leachate Treatment. PhD thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
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Abstract
The study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of activated carbon (AC) derived from banana pseudo-stem (BPS), iron oxide nanoparticle (IONPs) together with their nanocomposite iron oxide-activated carbon (IOAC) adsorbent for treatment of landfill leachate. The preparation of AC was performed with ZnCl2 activation while IONPs and IOAC were directly prepared via sodium borohydride (NaBH4) reduction method. The optimum conditions for the preparation of AC obtained by the Design of Experiments (DOE) were at 760 °C ±5 °C activation temperature, 90 min activation time and 1:4.5 g/g impregnation ratio. The BET surface area of the prepared AC, IOAC and IONPs were 1329 m2/g, 1173 m2/g and 140 m2/g respectively. The obtained SEM image of AC shown an excellent surface characteristic and well developed mesoporous structure. The results also proved that the IONPs were successfully deposited onto the surface and pores of the AC and induce a nanometer particle size of IONPs in order to produce IOAC nanocomposite. Adsorption kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies were developed to design the model for leachate treatment. The thermodynamic results showed that the overall adsorption process during treatment of landfill leachate was endothermic and spontaneous. The adsorption system agreed well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (PSO) as compared with the pseudo-first-order (PFO) model. The equilibrium data were fitted well with Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Raduskevich isotherms. Based on the maximum monolayer adsorption from Langmuir isotherm, the order of effectiveness was identified as IOAC > AC > IONPs. Results from continuous fixed-bed column adsorption study showed that the greater the adsorbent bed height resulted in higher percentage removal of COD DOC, color and UV254 . The percentage removal also improved visibly as the decreased in inlet flow rate and influent concentration. The best adsorption conditions determined in bed height of 12.5 cm, inlet flow rate of 7.5 mL/min and concentration of landfill leachate with two times dilution. The dynamic adsorption models showed that Thomas and Yoon–Nelson models were valid for the entire range of operation while Adam-Bohart model was applicable only during the initial period of operation (Ct/C0 < 0.5). The results from this study suggested that IOAC could be a viable adsorbent in managing higher organic matter problems associated with landfill leachate.
| Item Type: | Thesis (PhD) |
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| Subjects: | T Technology T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) |
| Divisions: | Kampus Kejuruteraan (Engineering Campus) > Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Awam (School of Civil Engineering) > Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Mr Mohamed Yunus Mat Yusof |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Jan 2022 03:02 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Jan 2022 03:02 |
| URI: | http://eprints.usm.my/id/eprint/51109 |
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