Kadhimi, Akram Hameed Majeed Al
(2024)
Impact Of Educational Intervention On Community Pharmacists’ Knowledge, Attitude, And Practice Towards Antibiotic Resistance In Baghdad, Iraq: A Mixed-Method Approach.
PhD thesis, Perpustakaan Hamzah Sendut.
Abstract
Community pharmacists have a significant impact on the use of antibiotics.
Mixed research methods were used to assess the dispensing pattern and practice of
antibiotic in community pharmacy in Baghdad, Iraq. A qualitative study was
conducted using face-to-face interviews to get in-depth understanding about the
dispensing pattern and practice of antibiotics in community pharmacy. Thematic
analysis was done and five themes were found to influence the dispensing practice of
antibiotics in community pharmacy. Pharmacists' perception towards dispensing
antibiotics without prescription was associated with medical condition, safety and
efficacy of antibiotics, patients request antibiotics by name, emergency cases, regular
customer, promotions from pharmaceutical companies, saving time and cost,
medication brands, and poor healthcare services; in addition to inadequate
knowledge about antibiotic resistance. Besides, quantitative study was conducted by
performing a cross-sectional survey to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice
regarding antibiotic resistance. Subjects were invited to participate in this study by
using a convenience sampling approach. A self-administered questionnaire was used
to obtain the data from 381 community pharmacists who took part in the preintervention
assessment; and 338 in the post-intervention assessment.
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