Beh, Khi Khim
(2023)
Development Of Lab On Printed Circuit Board Based Heavy Metal Detection.
PhD thesis, Perpustakaan Hamzah Sendut.
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination in water sources is a significant environmental
problem that poses a threat to public health. Electrochemical detection is a promising
approach to detecting and quantifying heavy metals in water, due to the high sensitivity
and selectivity it provides. However, traditional working electrodes, such as glassy
carbon and mercury, are not ideal for detecting heavy metals due to limitations such
as low sensitivity and toxicity. To address these limitations, this study aimed to
improve the design and fabrication complexity of electro-analytical sensors by
implementing a conventional Printed Circuit Board (PCB) fabrication technique. The
fabricated sensor has achieved miniaturization of 40% compared to existing
electrochemical sensors. According to cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements, the
fabricated sensor can produce a reversible peak reaction with different scan rates
between 100 mV/s to 10 mV/s achieving a peak current ratio of 1. The modified
Graphene Oxide (GO) of 0.2 mg/ml on the working electrode was explored as a
sensing material due to its high sensitivity and selectivity in detecting heavy metals
such as lead and cadmium, with an improvement of 45% in the detection of these
metals. The optimum conditions for the detection of lead and cadmium were
determined with a 10-minute accumulation time, -0.4 v reduction potential, 7-minute
reduction time, and pH 4.0 of 0.1 M HCL buffer solution.
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