Muzaidi, Nur Alya Syamimie
(2022)
Investigating The Association Of
Apolipoprotein E (Apoe) Gene
Polymorphism And Its Associated
Factors To Cardiovascular Disease
(Cvd) In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2dm)
Patients.
Masters thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is widely acknowledged for its crucial function
in the process of lipid metabolism and it is associated with elevated likelihood of
cardiovascular disease (CVD) among Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects.
Controlling the risk factors may help lower the likelihood of developing this disease.
The current study has analysed the associations between the APOE gene
polymorphism and selected risk factors, as well as lipid profiles among patients
diagnosed with a combination of T2DM and CVD. A total of 101 subjects aged
between 18 and 80 years old were recruited in this study and were classified into two
groups; 59 T2DM subjects with CVD and 42 subjects without CVD. APOE
genotyping was done using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length
polymorphism (PCR-FRLP). The ε3/ε3 genotype was the most common among both
groups of T2DM patients with and without CVD, followed by ε2/ε4, ε3/ε4, ε2/ε3 and
ε2/ε2 genotypes. However, the ε4/ε4 genotype was not present in either group.
Multiple logistic regression (MLR) results revealed; that the ε3/ε3 genotype (0.052)
(95% Cl 0.003, 0.792), ε3/ allele (34.830) (95% Cl 1.118, 1085.134), SBP (1.046)
(95% Cl 1.002, 1.091) and HbA1c (2.286) (95% Cl 1.577, 3.314) were relevant and
significant (p-value <0.05). In addition, the association between APOE gene
polymorphism and lipid profile has demonstrated that the ε3/ε3 genotype was
significant at low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC).
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