Yusof, Alia Amira
(2014)
Restorative potential of an in-campus
ecological wetland: biodiversity and
water quality assessment.
Project Report.
Universiti Sains Malaysia.
(Submitted)
Abstract
Constructed wetlands are ecological wetlands designed for the removal of a wide
range of pollutants in the natural water bodies, and enhance the abundance of
biodiversity on the ecosystem. This study was conducted from December 2013 till
February 2014 to examine the potential ecological wetland in in-campus for water
quality improvement and biodiversity conservation. Water quality samplings were
carried out via in-situ and lab analysis, while the potential for biodiversity
conservation was evaluated by on-site monitoring and identification of bird, plants,
fish and phytoplankton. Results showed that the water quality discharge to the Kerian
River was classified into class I or class 11 classification that is suitable for sensitive
aquatic species. Result revealed that the constructed wetland removed approximately
63.29%,59.19%. 30.84% and 24.28% of the total suspended solid (TSS), ammonical
nitrogen (AN), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand
(COD), respectively. The value of water quality index (WQI) indicated that the
performance for water quality improvement followed the order dry season> wet-dry
season > wet season. Six plant species were identified on the constructed wetland.
Lepironia articulata> Phragmites karka> Scirpus grossus> Eleocharis variegata>
Typha angustifolia> Hanguana malayana. with the distribution of 45%. 25%, 15%,
7%, 6%, and 2%, respectively. Twenty-one bird species from 12 different families
were identified. Eight classes of phytoplankton was found, with order
Chlorophyceae> Cyanophyceae> Zygnematophyceae> ZygnemophyceaO
Scenedesmaceae> Coscinodiscaeae> Bacillariophyceae> Trihonemataceae. and
distributions of 35%. 27%. 1 1%. 8%. 7%, 5%. 4% and 3%. respectively. Nine fish
species was found, with the highest composition of Oreochromis niloticus. which
constituted 27.27% of constructed wetland. The lowest species was Channa striata
and Pangasius spp., with 2.27% of the fish species. These fish species were
abundantly found at the micropool. This study proved that the in-campus constructed
wetland is suitable for the water treatment and biodiversity conservation.
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