Ahmad, Nur Fatihah
(2022)
The effect of cinnamomum verum and clinacanthus nutans aqueous extract on dehydroepiandrosteron induced polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in rat.
Masters thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a major disorder characterised by elevated
levels of androgens, acne and hirsutism. Current treatment includes metformin which
is only effective against PCOS symptoms without treating the underlying cause. In
addition, metformin causes significant side effects such as gastrointestinal symptoms,
weight gain and increased insulin resistance. The objective of this study was to
evaluate the effect of Cinnamomum verum (CV) and Clinacanthus nutans (CN)
aqueous extract in PCOS induced rats. Preliminary study for PCOS induction using
dosage 6mg/100g/0.2ml of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in 21 day duration was
conducted in these three groups of rats: (a) control group, (b) vehicle only group, and
(c) DHEA + vehicle group; to ensure the establishment of PCOS characteristics in the
rat model used before proceed to the main study. Thirty female SD rats were divided
into six groups of five animals each namely control group, DHEA group, CV group
(500mg/kg), CV group (1000mg/kg), CN group (500mg/kg) and CN group
(1000mg/kg). CV and CN aqueous extract treatment were continued for 28 days postinduction
after induction of PCOS. After treatment completion, all rats were sacrificed.
Analysis of hormones, body weight, histopathology and toxicology study of the ovary,
liver, uterus and kidney were carried out. In DHEA group, testosterone levels
increased significantly compared to non-induced normal rats (p=0.0402) (p<0.05)
which reduced to significant level when both extracts were given. Induction of PCOS
in rats lead to significant increase in follicular cyst (p<0.0001) and decrease in corpus luteum compared to the control group (p<0.0001). When treatments were given to the
PCOS group, there was a significant increase in the number of corpus luteum in both
CV extracts (p=0.0002, p=0.0070). Interestingly, the number of follicular cysts also
decreased significantly in all CV and CN group (p=<0.001, p=<0.001, p=<0.001,
p=<0.001). CN treated rats showed normal morphological organ structure showing
non-toxic effect of both plants. However, CV extracts induced mild degenerative
changes in liver and kidney at 500mg/kg and 1000mg/kg. In conclusion CV and CN
is able to reduce PCOS charasteristics in induced rats model. This study act as a basic
for further study on the mechanism of both plants in the treatment of PCOS.
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