Azly Sumanty, Ab Ghani
(2008)
Gene frequencies of HPA-1, -2 AND -3
among malay and chinese blood donors
in HUSM.
Masters thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
Human platelet-specific antigens are found on the platelet membrane glycoproteins. These
antigens are highly immunogenic and are implicated in alloimmune thrombocytopenias
such as in fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia, post transfusion purpura and
refractoriness to platelets transfusion. HP A genotyping is important because the prevalence
of HP A differs among various populations.
The objective of this study was to determine the HPA-1, -2 and -3 genotypes and gene
frequencies in Malay and Chinese blood donors in Transfusion Medicine Unit, Hospital
Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM). We would also like to compare the distribution ofHPA
between those two ethnic groups.
A cross-sectional study was done in the Transfusion Medicine Unit, HUSM from August
2006 till July 2007. Blood specimens were collected from 117 of Malay and 103 of Chinese
blood donors. DNA was isolated using GENE,( ALL™ Blood SV mini kit. HPA-1, -2 and-
3 genotyping were determined by using the allele-specific oligonucleotide polymerase
chain reaction (PCR-ASO) method. The results were analysed by SPSS version 12.
xu
The allele frequencies obtained for the Malay blood donors were 100% and 8.7% for HPA-
1a and -1b; 99.1% and 15.9% for HPA-2a and -2b; 80.7% and 78.9% for HPA-3a and -3b.
For the Chinese blood donors, the results were 100% and 2.0% for HPAla and -lb; 100%
and 4.9% for HPA-2a and -2b; 80.0% and 66.0% for HPA-3a and -3b.
As for HPA-1 genotype results, 91.3% of the Malay blood donors were homozygous for
HPA-1a/a and 8.7% were found heterozygous for HPA la/b. In the Chinese blood donors,
98.0% were homozygous for HPA-la/a and 2.0% were found heterozygous for HPA la/b.
None of the samples were homozygous for HPA-lb/b. Concerning the HPA-2 genotype,
84.1% of the Malay blood donors were homozygous for HPA-2ala, 15.0% were
heterozygous for HPA 2a/b and 0.9% were homozygous for HPA-2b/b. In the Chinese
blood donors, 95.1% were homozygous for HPA-2a/a and 4.9% were heterozygous for
HPA-2a/b. None of the Chinese blood donors were homozygous for HPA-2b/b. Regarding
the HPA-3 genotype, 21.1% of the Malay blood donors were homozygous for HPA-3a/a,
59.6% were heterozygous for HPA-3a/b and 19.3% were homozygous for HPA-3b/b
genotype. In the Chinese blood donors, 34.0% were homozygous for HPA-3a/a, 46.0%
were heterozygous for HPA-3a/b and 20.0% were homozygous for HPA-3b/b.
This study revealed the differences between the Chinese and Malay HP A genotypes. These
data will be used to develop an HPA-typed platelet donor registry in our hospital. Other
HP As in this system will be typed in the future,
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