Mohammad, Suhaili
(2019)
Body composition in patients with thyroid disease using bioelectrical impedance analysis.
Masters thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
Background:
Thyroid hormone is an important hormone for body metabolism. Diseases affecting
thyroid gland can cause either hyperthyroid or hypothyroid state. Both of these
condition can alter body metabolism and causing changes in body composition. This
study will compare body composition in 3 different thyroid state which were
hyperthyroid, hypothyroid and euthyroid.
Methods:
This was a cross sectional study involving 47 patients who have been diagnosed with
thyroid disease such as Grave‟s Disease, Multinodular Goitre (MNG), thyroiditis and
congenital hypothyroid, age between 21 to 45 years old. Patients were divided into 3
groups which were hyperthyroid, hypothyroid and euthyroid group based on thyroid
function test result. Body composition (body fat, body water and lean weight) were
measured for each patients using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis machine
(Bodystat®Quadscan). Data was analyzed to compare body composition in all 3 groups.
Results:
A total number of 47 patients who had thyroid disease were analysed. Majority of the
patients were female (85.1%) with mean age of 32.85 (±7.43) year old. 18 (38.3%)
patients were in hyperthyroid group, 11 (23.4%) patients were in hypothyroid groups
and 18 (38.3%) patients were in euthyroid groups. Body composition were measured
and analysed between 3 groups. Total body fat was higher in hypothyroid group as
compare to hyperthyroid group [F (2,44)=3.279, P=0.047]. Total body water (TBW)
was also higher in hypothyroid group compare to hyperthyroid group with statistically
significant differrence; P=0.05. Lean weight was also higher in hypothyroid group
compare to hyperthroid group with statistically significant differrence; P=0.03.
Conclusion:
Thyroid hormone dysfunction cause significant changes in body composition in which
hypothyroid state as compare to hyperthyroid patient cause higher total body fat, body
water and lean weight.
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