Kamaruzaman, Ahmad Zulfahmi Mohd
(2019)
Workload pressure and job strain among medical officers in health clinics, Kelantan.
Masters thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
Background: Proper distribution of human resources and job strain control are
among the important factors to ensure high quality performance and sustain quality
of the services. The aim of this study is to determine the workload pressure and job
strain among medical officers in health clinics (HCs), Kelantan, and the correlation
between these two factors.
Methods: This study was a combination of record review survey using human
resources data of year 2018 involving HCs in Kelantan and cross-sectional survey on
job strain among medical officers in HCs. The study was conducted between January
and April 2019 and implemented using clustered random sampling as all HCs in
seven districts in Kelantan were chosen (Kota Bharu, Tumpat, Pasir Mas, Tanah
Merah, Bachok, Pasir Puteh, and Machang). Firstly, the workload pressure was
determined by using Workload Indicator of Staffing Needs (WISN), developed by
World Health Organisation (WHO). It was considered high workload pressure when
ratio between required and acquired medical officers less than one. Meanwhile,
medical officers from those HCs were given the Malay version of validated Job
Content Questionnaire (JCQ) in order to investigate job strain. There were three
components investigated and two of them; decision latitude and psychological
demand were applied to define job strain. The data was presented descriptively using
mean and standard deviation as well as frequency and percentage upon the type of
variables. Next, workload pressure and JCQ scales were correlated to find the
association.
Results: A total of 85 HCs were involved in the study. Our findings indicated that 58
(68.2%) of HCs in Kelantan acquired high workload pressure. Tanah Merah,
Tumpat, Pasir Mas and Kota Bharu had the most HCs with high workload pressure.
The prevalence of high strain among medical officers in HCs was 22%. The
correlation matrixes descriptively appreciated that workload pressure was associated
with job strain. However, we found that there was no significant correlation between
them.
Conclusion: Majority of HCs in Kelantan had high workload pressure and
concurrently 22% their medical officers were having high job strain. Existence of
both factors exert great harm to the quality of health deliveries especially in
Kelantan.
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