Ismail, Nasrul Hakimie
(2020)
Classification of individuals using handwritten numeral with geometric morphometric techniques.
Masters thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
No individual will have exactly same handwriting. Handwriting style is
something that will acquire and develop through years of learning involving
questioned that form individuality. The analysis of handwriting for the purposes of
author identification had started since the origin of the handwriting itself. It assisted
investigator in crime involving document analysis such as fraud, document
falsification and many more. The numbers that used nowadays are also called Hindu-
Arabic numbers are combination of 10 digits which are 1,2,3,4,5,,6,7,8,9,and 0. It is
a base ten system since the value increases by the power of ten. The handwriting
style has very high variations sizes, shapes and fonts. However, the most distinctive
characteristics is the shape itself. Geometric morphometric (GMM) is a study of
variations in shape. It uses Cartesian geometric coordinates rather than linear, area or
volumetric variables. The basis of the technique is coordinates of identifiable
landmarks (LM) and semilandmarks (SL) to capture the image shape. In this project,
200 samples of consisting of numeral 1, 6, 8 and 9 were collected from 10 students
of Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). The number is based on previous study by Tay
Eue Kam (2019), as it successfully used in ethnic discrimination by using fully
manual method based on slant, width and height measurement. The PCA of PC1 and
PC2 shows cumulative variance percentage for numeral 1, 6, 8 and 9 were 100.00%,
67.59%, 56.34% and 65.17% respectively. Numeral 6 was the only numerals that
show significant differences between individuals. Geometric morphometric is useful
in individual identification based on shape of the numerals.
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