Kong, Sau, Mun
The toxicity of neostigmine against Aedes aegypti larvae.
Other.
Universiti Sains Malaysia.
(Submitted)
Abstract
The yellow fever, dengue fever and chikungunya are the important mosquito-borne
disease to human in the world. Aedes mosquitoes have been widely studied for its role
as the vector for these diseases. Various larvicides have been introduced to control the
mosquito population. Among all, temephos is the most popular and widely used . The
frequent use of temephos has resulted in the development of resistance in field
populations of Aedes mosquitoes in Malaysia. Thus, this study was carried out to
explore the potency of utilizing Neostigmine Inj ection B.P. 2. 5 mg (neostigmine) as an
alternative larvicide subsequently delaying the development of resistance of mosquitoes
against temephos. The potency was evaluated by assessing the toxicity of neostigmine
again st larvae of Ae. aegypti. Neostigmine is a drug used in the treatment for
myasthenia gravis due to its effects as an anticholinesterase. The drug was chosen
because of its mode of action, which is similar to organophosphate larvicide. In the
study, four different dosages of neostigmine were evaluated, i.e. 12.5, 25, 50 and 100
ppm against the late third to early fourth instar larvae of Ae. aegypti using the modified
WHO (1981) method. Temephos was included in the test regime as the benchmark and
distilled water only as the control. The tests were conducted in five replicates for
twenty-one days. The percentage of cumulative mortality of larvae was calculated and
analyzed with Independent T test. The results showed 100 ppm of neostigmine has the
highest percentage of mortality (99.2 %), followed by 50 (97.6 %), 12.5 (968 %) and
25 (94.4 %) ppm. The increase of mortality was significant (P < 0.05) for neostigmine
at 100 ppm dosage compare to control. For treatment of 50 ppm of neostigmine, the
increase of mortality was only significant at P < 0.10. However, when compared to
temephos, the percentage of mortality generated by 100 ppm neostigmine was
significantly (P < 0.05) lower.
VIII.
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