Nemati, Mahnaz
(2019)
Chemical Properties, Bioavailability Of Yellowfin Tuna Bone And Its Potential Application As Calcium Source In Bakery Products.
PhD thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacores, Bonnaterre, 1788) belongs to the family scombridae and is the largest species of fish that is significantly used in canning process in Malaysia. In this study, yellowfin tuna wastes as a considerable part of tuna canning factories were taken as raw materials and were processed to recover tuna frame (TF) and were then exposed to the alkaline treatment to extract of tuna bone powder (TBP) as a potential calcium source. The amount of the TF recovered from tuna wastes was 53.75% and the amount of TBP extracted from TF was 59.79%. The general appearance of TBP was in a form of fine particle size powder, white color and without any undesirable fishy odor, which makes it into the appropriate source of calcium for the purposes of development of calcium supplement or enrichment of food products. At phase 1, the results of the proximate composition of TF and TBP showed that the major part of the proximate composition in TF and TBP was ash content, which was 53.43% and 77.97%, respectively. The results of mineral composition represented that calcium with 24.56% and 38.16% was the most abundant element in TF and TBP, respectively. The second significant element in TF and TBP was phosphorus with 14.58% and 23.31%, respectively. The measurement of the ratio of Ca:P is important in TBP as calcium source and in this study, the amount of the ratio was 1.64.
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