Sudirman, Nur Hafizah
(2020)
Evaluation of antibacterial properties of portland cement in combination with chitosan against sfrepfoccocus mutans.
Masters thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
Caries is one of the most prevalent oral problems among people around the world. The main pathogenic bacteria that cause the problem is known as Streptococcus mutans. Tooth caries can be painful as it can cause pulp inflammation. Vital pulp therapies which include pulp capping and pulpotomy are the most commonly used treatment nowadays. Biomaterials that are commonly utilised in the treatment in clinics include mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2); however these materials have some drawbacks. In this study, a new material known as Portland cement was synthesized with different concentrations of chitosan and antibacterial properties against S. mutan was investigated. Materials was prepared as follows: APC, APC-0.6%CHT, APC-1.25%CHT and APC-2.5%CHT. The direct contact test demonstrated a significant reduction in the growth curve in all treated groups compared to the control group. Similar findings were obtained in the biofilm formation test with APC-2.5%CHT showed the highest inhibition against S. mutans. Bacterial distribution analysis by scanning electron microscopy on APC-2.5%CHT showed that after 7 days of treatment, the number of distributed bacteria was decreased. Gene expression by RT-PCR demonstrated APC-2.5%CHT has significantly down-regulated gtfB and gbpB genes compared to APC alone. In conclusion, APC with different concentrations of chitosan exhibited antibacterial effects with APC-2.5%CHT demonstrated the highest inhibition against S. mutans.
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