Rosmanshah, Aida Natasya
Physichochemical Properties Of The Seeds And Peels From Spondias Dulcis And Manilkara Zapota.
Project Report.
Universiti Sains Malaysia.
(Submitted)
Abstract
Fruit peels and seeds were discarded as waste, which could lead to pollution problems and represents loss of valuable biomass and nutrients. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the nutritional and phytochemical composition and physical properties of ambarella and sapodilla peels and seeds. The peels and seeds of both fresh fruits were separated and analysed. The highest moisture content was observed in ambarella peels (69.85±0.97) and sapodilla seeds had the lowest moisture content amongst all samples. The maximum ash content in sapodilla seeds was 5.64±0.10, whereas the least amount was observed in sapodilla peels (2.84±0.03). The maximum crude protein content was observed in sapodilla seeds (8.87±0.04) whereas the minimum amount was noted in ambarella peels (3.16±0.03). Furthermore, the highest crude fat contents were found in sapodilla fruit by-products, with values reaching 15.87±0.18 in seeds and 6.07±0.02 in peels. Moreover, the highest crude fibre content was recorded in ambarella seeds (25.76±0.73), whereas the lowest amount was noted in ambarella peels (11.10±0.88). Amongst the four samples, sapodilla seed produced the highest amount of calcium (35.18±0.87) mg/100g, potassium (381.58±0.58) mg/100g and magnesium (1.97±0.00) mg/100g while sapodilla peel contribute the highest amount of sodium (5.22±0.32) mg/100g. The presence of hydrogen cyanide, phytates, alkaloids and oxalates amongst four sample was detected within the safety limit. The total phenolic contents of four samples ranged from 132.72±0.34 to 985.93±0.10 mg GAE/100g. Ambarella peels showed to have the highest acidity (2.55±0.01) while sapodilla seeds was observed to have the lowest acidity (6.19±0.03). The highest titratable acidity was noted in ambarella peels (5.19±0.23), whereas the lowest was found in sapodilla seeds (0.40±0.05).
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