Samsudin, Norsuriani
(2018)
Bone health status, muscular performance, aerobic and anaerobic capacities of Malaysian young male state level weightlifting, cycling and squash athletes.
Masters thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the differences in bone health status, muscular
performance, aerobic and anaerobic capacities of Malaysian young male state level
weightlifting, cycling and squash athletes. Forty four participants (mean age: 17.1 ± 1.6
years old) were divided into sedentary control, weightlifting, cycling and squash groups
with 11 participant for each group. Participants’ tibial and radial bone speed of sound
(SOS) of dominant and non-dominant arms and legs were measured. In addition,
participants’ isokinetic muscular strength and power, hand grip strength, back and leg
strength, estimated maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), and Wingate anaerobic capacities
were determined. One way ANOVA was performed for statistical analysis. The present
study found that weightlifting, cycling and squash athletes exhibited significantly greater
tibial and radial bone SOS (p<0.01) compared to the sedentary control group. Bone SOS
of the arm was highest in weightlifting athletes. Meanwhile, bone SOS of the leg was
highest in cycling athletes. Weightlifting athletes showed significantly higher values of
isokinetic knee extension, shoulder extension and shoulder flexion peak torque
(strength) and average power (p<0.05) than cycling and squash athletes. Weightlifting
athletes also showed significantly greater hand grip strength (p< 0.001), as well as back
and leg strength (p< 0.001) compared to cycling and squash athletes. Cycling and
squash athletes showed significantly higher aerobic capacity, i.e. estimated VO2max
(p<0.001) compared to weightlifting and squash athletes. Weightlifting athletes exhibited
significantly greater peak power (p< 0.05) than cycling and squash athletes. Besides,
cycling athletes showed significantly higher anaerobic capacity and power (p< 0.001),
and significantly lower fatigue index (p< 0.05) than weightlifting and squash athletes.
Weightlifting and cycling athletes showed significantly shorter time to reach peak power
(p< 0.01) than squash athletes. The present study findings implying that bone health
status and physiological profiles of the athletes are dependent on sport events they were
involved in. It is hoped that the results of the present study can be applied and help to
facilitate the development of specific training programmes for achieving optimal
performance of weightlifting, cycling and squash athletes, as well as promoting healthy
lifestyle by engaging in sports like weightlifting, cycling and squash sports.
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