Rahman, Nur Ruzaina Abdul
(2019)
The Synthesis And Characterization Of Group One Metal Titanates And Their Application In Photocatalysis.
Masters thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
Group one metal titanates has been synthesized via hydrothermal method using group one metal hydroxides. The results show the formation of nanomaterials such as Li-TiO2200oC/12h nanobiscuits (NBs), Na-TiO2200oC/12h nanoribbons (NRs), K-TiO2200oC/12h nanowires (NWs) and Cs-TiO2200oC/12h nanospheres (NSs). The XRD patterns of Li-TiO2200oC/12h, K-TiO2200oC/12h and Cs-TiO2200oC/12h showed the presence of the dominant anatase phase at (101) except for Na-TiO2200oC/12h. This was due to the Na+ ion within the anatase lattice resulting in the distortion of the anatase phases and formation of the sodium titanate phases. This was in agreement with the ICP-OES result which showed the molar ratio of Na/Ti was 0.161 which was higher than K/Ti(0.157) and Li/Ti(0.046) respectively. In addition, the deconvolution of the Na 2p XPS signal showed the presence of peaks at 1071.3 eV and 1070.3 eV corresponding to the Na-O-Ti species. Besides that, controlling the hydrothermal temperature and the duration of synthesis, resulted in changes in the morphology as well as the particle size of the titanates. The Dr-UV/Vis analysis indicated the band gap energy of Li-TiO2200oC/12h, Na-TiO2200oC/12h, K-TiO2200oC/12 and Cs-TiO2200oC/12h to be 3.12, 3.05, 3.07 and 3.17 eV respectively. The surface area of the samples was calculated to be 32.0, 120.0, 155.0 and 24.3m2g-1 for Li-TiO2200oC/12h, Na-TiO2200oC/12h, K-TiO2200oC/12h and Cs-TiO2200oC/12h respectively. Photocatalytic study revealed that Li-TiO2200oC/12h exhibited enhanced photocatalytic efficiency and mineralized MB better compared to Degussa P25 and anatase TiO2.
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