Linggam, Kamilla
(2012)
Some Pharmacological And Phytochemical Studies Of Clitoria Ternatea Extracts.
Masters thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
In this thesis, detailed work was carried out to explore and determine the
phytochemical screening, potential anti-infective, antioxidant and analgesic
properties of C. ternatea plant parts using various bioassays techniques and
appropriate experimental models. The initial qualitative phytochemical screening
shows that C. ternatea plant parts contain tannin, phlobatannin, flavonoid,
anthraquinone, alkaloid, saponin, cardiac glycosides, volatile oils, steroids and
terpenoids. The flavonoids and phenolic content of the various plant parts were also
determined in the plant parts. Analysis shows that C. ternatea flower extract has both
high phenolic (104.77 ± 2.64 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (28.10 ± 4.13 mg CE/g)
content than other plant parts. This is evident by the fact that C. ternatea flower
extract exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (FRAP: 6.80 ± 0.32 μM Fe(II)/g ;
DPPH IC50 : 9.17 ± 0.003 μg/mL) when compared to other parts of the plant. One of
the bioactives identified in the flower extract was kaempferol-3-glucoside (K3G)
which is a flavonoid compound. Kaempferol-3-glucoside was also found in C.
ternatea stem and leaf. This could be one of the identified bioactives responsible for
the antioxidant activity. As for the in vitro anti-infective screening, both leaf and root
crude extracts demonstrated marked antimicrobial activities. Interestingly, the leaf
extract demonstrated a remarkable antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger with
a MIC and MFC of 0.4 and 0.8 mg/mL, respectively. This was evident by the
scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis which showed a marked
morphological alteration of the A. niger hyphal wall and conidiophores after
exposure to C. ternatea leaf extract when compared to control.
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