Jamil, Mohd Fadzly Amar
(2013)
The Effect Of Mitragynine On Cyclic Amp Formation And Mrna Expression Of Mu-Opioid Receptors Mediated By Chronic Morphine Treatment In Sk-N-Sh Neuroblastoma Cell.
Masters thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
Mitragynine is an indole alkaloid compound of Mitragyna speciosa
(M.speciosa) Korth. (Rubiaceae). In Thailand, this plant is known as “Kratom” and
in Malaysia it is known as “Biak-biak” or “Ketum”. M. speciosa was used as
substitution therapy for chronic opioid treatment to manage the withdrawal
symptoms in Malaysia and Thailand. To date over 40 compounds have been isolated
from the leaves of this plant. Mitragynine is the most abundant of the more than
25 alkaloids of Kratom (66% of the crude base) and is responsible for the
substance’s opioid effects.
The bioactive compound mitragynine from M.speciosa was isolated using
acid-base extraction followed by a column chromatography method. In this study, we
had investigated the cellular mechanism of chronic morphine treatment after co- and
pre-treatment with mitragynine in production of forskolin stimulation cyclic
adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and expression of mu-opioid receptor (MOR)
during the differentiation of SK-N-SH human neuroblastoma cells, the possible
mechanisms involved in those changes, and the differential effects of morphine and
mitragynine. cAMP is a molecule that is controlled by G protein-coupled receptor
activation and other cellular processes. Measurement of cAMP levels in cell is
widely used as an indicator of receptors function in drug discovery application.
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