Johar, Nirmala
(2017)
Community Participation: A Cementing Process, Theorizing Various
Dimensions and Approaches.
Journal of Construction in Developing Countries , 22 (1).
pp. 47-61.
ISSN 1823-6499
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of urban planning in recent decades has been focused on slum
upgrading through improvements in service delivery, better housing and employment policies.
This paper explores community participation as an instrument in providing affordable housing
for urban poor in India and abroad. Community Participation (CP) creates an appreciation of
how people can present their claims in front of development agencies. There is an increasing
recognition that the urban development policy framework be inclusive of the people residing
in the slums and informal settlements. It is argued in the available literature that community
participation and active involvement of the benefciaries is critical to the success of a
programme as people’s participation advances their interests, needs, and aspirations in the
development discourse. Collaborative initiatives give rise to an enabling approach through
which we can achieve a more effective mobilization of community resources and skills to
complement public resource allocations. We can increase well-being of deprived section of
society by shifting from a needs-based approach to asset based community development.
This paper focuses on conceptual framework of community participation along with successful
examples of participatory models adopted by the Indian Institute of Human Settlement and
Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation, Government of India to accomplish the
target of Housing for All. The discussion will be limited to Community Participation in Slum
Improvement Schemes. Various paradigms of Slum Improvement will be briefly discussed. The
scope of participatory approach will be evaluated with respect to ladder of participation
as established by Sherry Arnstein and Marisa B. Guaraldo Choguill. The paper also makes
recommendations within administrative boundaries of institutional framework of local body
and provide valuable lessons that can be applied to the implementation of the new urban
Sustainable Development Goals.
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