Dae, Yun Kim and Johan, Billen and Stephen , L. Doggett and Chow, Yang Lee
(2017)
Differences in Climbing Ability of Cimex lectularius and
Cimex hemipterus (Hemiptera: Cimicidae).
Journal of Economic Entomology, 110 (3).
pp. 1179-1186.
Abstract
The climbing abilities of two bed bug species, Cimex lectularius L. and Cimex hemipterus (F.), were determined
by evaluating their escape rates from smooth surface pitfall traps using four commercial bed bug monitors
(Verifi Bed Bug Detector, ClimbUp Insect Interceptor, BlackOut Bed Bug Detector, and SenSci Volcano Bed Bug
Detector). All detectors were used in the absence of lures or attractants. Unlike C. lectularius, adult C. hemipterus
were able to escape from all traps. On the other hand, no or a low number nymphs of both species escaped,
depending on the evaluated traps. Examination of the vertical friction force of adults of both species revealed a
higher vertical friction force in C. hemipterus than in C. lectularius. Scanning electron microscope micrograph
observation on the tibial pad of adult bed bugs of C. hemipterus showed the presence of a greater number of
tenent hairs on the tibial pad than on that of adult C. lectularius. No tibial pad was found on the fourth and fifth
instars of both species. Near the base of the hollow tenent hairs is a glandular epithelium that is better
developed in adult C. hemipterus than in adult C. lectularius. This study highlights significant morphological differences
between C. lectularius and C. hemipterus, which may have implications in the monitoring and management
of bed bug infestations.
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