Mohd Hanaffi, Siti Hajar
(2015)
Metabolic, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in adult women exposed to secondhand smoke.
Masters thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
Introduction: Secondhand smoke (SHS) is formed from the burning of cigarettes
and other tobacco products and from smoke exhaled by smokers. Most of the
mortality and morbidity attributable to exposure of adults to SHS is related to
cardiovascular diseases.
Objectives: This study aims to determine the effects of SHS exposure on metabolic,
oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in healthy adult women.
Methods: This is a comparative cross-sectional study between the group of selfreported
SHS (n=101) and non-SHS exposure (n=91) in healthy women without
clinical evidence of cardiovascular disease. Exposure to SHS is defined as exposed to
secondhand smoke for at least 15 minutes in 2 days within a week, while non-SHS is
people not exposed to SHS. Blood was drawn from all eligible subjects to measure
metabolic (High molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin, insulin, homeostasis model
assessment (HOMA-IR) and non-estrified fatty acids (NEFA), oxidative stress
(oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxidized LDL) and 8-isoprostane) and
inflammatory (hsCRP) markers. Hair nicotine analysis was performed to validate the
exposure status in subjects.
Results: Hair nicotine levels were significantly higher in SHS exposure group
compared to non-SHS exposure group [0.22 (0.62) vs. 0.04 (0.11) ng/mg; p=0.009].
No significant differences were observed in HMW adiponectin, insulin and insulin
resistance (HOMA-IR), NEFA, 8-isoprostane, oxidized LDL and hsCRP between the
two groups, even after controlling for several potential confounders. Serum HMW
adiponectin was negatively correlated with insulin level and insulin resistance
(HOMA-IR) in the group of women exposed to SHS. No significant correlation was
seen between HMW adiponectin and NEFA, 8-isoprostane, oxidized LDL and
hsCRP in SHS women.
Conclusion: This study did not show any significant differences in metabolic,
oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in healthy adult women exposed and nonexposed
to SHS. Low serum HWM adiponectin is associated with increased insulin
level and resistance in SHS exposed women.
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