Rasid, Noor Khairul
(2015)
A study of effectiveness and adherence between fixed combination dorzolamide /timolol maleate and non-fixed dorzolamide and timolol xe in open angle glaucoma.
Masters thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION
The effective treatment and adherence to medication are important factors for
successful management of glaucoma. Many evidences showed that lowering the IOP
could prevent and halt the progression of optic nerve damage and visual field loss.
OBJECTIVES
To determine and compare the pressure lowering effects and adherence score between
fixed-combination dorzolamide/ timolol maleate (FCDT) and non-fixed combination
dorzolamide and timolol XE (NFDT) in open angle glaucoma.
METHODS
This randomised controlled trial, parallel groups and single-blinded study involved 55
patients of OAG. Patients were randomised to FCDT group who received fixedcombination
dorzolamide/ timolol maleate and NFDT group that received
concomitant dorzolamide and timolol XE for 3 months. Pre-study run-in timolol was
given for 2 weeks. Baseline IOP was taken in the morning. Patients were follow-up at
month 1 and month 3. IOP and safety of medication were assessed during follow-up.
The adherence score consists of percentage of eye drops used based on bottle weight
measurement, Glaucoma Medication Adherence Self-Efficacy Scale and Subjective
Drug Adherence Score were recorded at month 3 follow-up. Data were analyzed
using repeated measures ANOVA, independent t-test Pearson Chi Square test.
RESULTS
The demographic data were similar between the groups. FCDT and NFDT were
statistically significant reduced the IOP at month 1 and month 3 with mean IOP
reduction at month 1, 4.9 mmHg with 95% confidence interval ( 4.0 to 5.9) in
FCDT, 4.9 ( 95% CI 4.0 to 5.8) mmHg in NFDT, at month 3 were 5.2 ( 95% CI 4.2
to 6.2) mmHg in FCDT and 4.9 ( 95% CI 3.9 to 5.8) mmHg in NFDT. The mean
percentage of IOP difference between treatments groups at one month and three
months were no significant different. There was no significant difference of mean
total adherence score between the groups.
CONCLUSION
The pressure lowering effects of fixed-combinations dorzolamide/ timolol maleate
and non-fixed combination dorzolamide and timolol XE was comparable. Both
provide a significant reduction of IOP at one month and three months treatment. The
total adherence score was high in both treatment groups and comparable.
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