Binhweel, Fozy Amer Mabrook (2025) Optimization Of Lipids Extraction, Separation, And Transesterification From Discarded Beef Tallow Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide For Biodiesel Production. PhD thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
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Abstract
This study investigates the use of supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO₂) technology to extract lipids from discarded beef tallow (DBT) for biodiesel production. DBT, a non-edible and cost-effective feedstock, is rich in fatty acids and offers high thermal content and oxidative stability. For extracting DBT lipids, conventional thermal and solvent based extraction methods were employed. However, these methods are constrained by solvent toxicity and high temperatures that can degrade fatty acid quality. Although SC-CO₂ is an efficient and eco-friendly extraction technology, its application to DBT remains limited in existing literature. To address this research gap, this study employed and optimized SC-CO₂ operating parameters for effective lipid recovery from DBT. In the SC-CO₂ process, a prepared DBT sample was placed in an extraction vessel. CO₂ was heated and pressurized above its critical point, and pumped through the sample.
| Item Type: | Thesis (PhD) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | T Technology > T Technology (General) > T1-995 Technology(General) |
| Divisions: | Pusat Pengajian Teknologi Industri (School of Industrial Technology) > Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Mr Aizat Asmawi Abdul Rahim |
| Date Deposited: | 26 Jun 2026 01:17 |
| Last Modified: | 26 Jun 2026 01:17 |
| URI: | http://eprints.usm.my/id/eprint/64479 |
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