Kamaludin, Ramizah
(2023)
Combination Of Aspergillus Niger
Fermentation And Broken Rice As
Coagulant For Treatment Of
Palm Oil Mill Effluents.
Masters thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
One of the biggest issues faced by the palm oil industry is the released POME in
their daily production. Prior to being released into the environment, palm oil mill effluent
(POME) is frequently treated at industrial scale using ponding systems. The primary
goal of this study was to treat POME prior discharge into environment at established
standard limit. When Aspergillus niger was used to treat the collected POME, its critical
parameters, including chemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, phosphorus content,
ammoniacal nitrogen content, and its amylase activity, were monitored throughout
the fermentation. Before starting the fermentation of the POME in the 2.5 L stirred-tank
bioreactor, the POME was pretreated with various sonification frequencies. The POME
fermentation in the shake flask was initially carried out by varying the pH value. The pH
and the sonification frequency were used as a pretreatment before starting the biological
treatment. The best pH value and sonification frequency with the highest chemical oxygen
demand (COD) removal percentage was then selected. The secondary treatment,
which involves the coagulation treatment utilizing broken rice as the natural coagulant,
was also continued on the treated POME. The influence of temperature, pH, curing time,
and broken rice dose was assessed for this treatment's coagulation via optimization using
one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT).
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