Mirmohammadi, Mirtaghi
(2010)
Evaluation Of Diisocyanates And Their
Metabolites In Selected Iranian
Polyurethane Factories.
PhD thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
In this thesis the concentration of diisocyanates namely hexamethylene
diisocyanate (HDI), methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) and toluene
diisocyanate (TDI) in indoor air samples and their respective metabolites
hexamethylene diamine (HDA), methylene dianiline (MDA) and toluene diamine
(TDA) found in workers’ urine were measured in fifteen polyurethane factories
located in the Tehran province, Karaj city and Mazandaran province in Iran.
Measurement of isocyanate concentration was performed using the NIOSH 5522
method. Measurement was conducted over three daily working shifts in fifteen
factories with a total of three hundred air samples. Psychrometric parameters
(indoor air temperature and relative humidity), workplace dimension and altitude
factors were evaluated to correlate to the diisocyanate pollution level. The
association between diisocyanates and health effects and specific sensitisation was
also studied. The findings of this study demonstrated that HDI, MDI and TDI
were dominant in frequency of occurrence and showed the highest exposure levels
when compared to NIOSH, OSHA and ACGIH standards and some other studies.
The correlation between psychrometric parameters and diisocyanate concentration
was determined and the results showed that, relative humidity and dry bulb
temperature have positive significant relationship.
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