Nallakumar, Krishnakumari Anm. (1996) Pheromones Of Fruit Flies (Bactrocera Spp.) And The Glandular Anatomy Of Wild Orchids (Bulbophyllum Spp.) That Attract The Fruit Flies. Masters thesis, Perpustakaan Hamzah Sendut.
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Abstract
The rectal gland secretions of males of Bactrocera dorsalis, Bactrocera papayae, Bactrocera carambo/ae and Bactrocera umbrosa that were fed 'Mth methyl eugenol and eugenol were isolated and identified. Through this work methyl eugenol has been established as a more potent and effident attractant compared to eugenol. The major glandular components that occur naturally in these spedes are long chain saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, spiroacetals, ketols, esters and amides. Two phenylpropanoids, 2-allyI-4,5-dimethoxyphenol (Compound Z) and 4-(3-hydroxy- 1-propenyl}-2-methoxyphenol or coniferyl alcohol, and one amide, N-3-methylbutyl acetamide were identified as the major glandular components of all four Bectrocet» species in this study when they were treated Vvith methyl eugenol. A compound, 6-oxo-1-nonanol, was identified only in the rectal secretions of Bactrocera carambolae and it was found to be the major component in the rectal glands of sexually mature males, and thus it is characterised as a naturally occuring pheromone in Bactrocera carambolae. A phenylpropanoid, cis 3,4- dimethoxycinnamyl alcohol, was also identified in the rectal secretions of B. dorsalis and B.umbrosa. Only 2-allyl-4,5-dimethoxyphenol was detected in the rectal glands of males of B. papayae that were fed 'Mth eugenol. None of the other three species in this study produced any form of pheromones when fed wth eugenol, except for the increase in the naturally occuring pheromone in B.carambolae. In other words, both methyl eugenol and eugenol take on the role of precursor in the manufacture and production of pheromones in the male rectal glands of all four species. A detailed study on the
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | Q Science > QH Natural history > QH1-278.5 Natural history (General) |
| Divisions: | Pusat Pengajian Sains Kajihayat (School of Biological Sciences) > Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Mr Hasmizar Mansor |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Sep 2026 01:26 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Sep 2026 01:27 |
| URI: | http://eprints.usm.my/id/eprint/65009 |
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