Assessment of cytokine secretions by monocytes in the presence of synovial fluid-derived exosomes

Bahri, Tengku Qashrina Adriana Tengku Shaifful (2025) Assessment of cytokine secretions by monocytes in the presence of synovial fluid-derived exosomes. Project Report. Universiti Sains Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease marked by inflammation and cartilage deterioration. Synovial fluid-derived exosomes are emerging as key modulators in OA pathogenesis, influencing immune responses and cytokine secretion. This study aimed to assess cytokine secretions, specifically soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), complement component 5a (C5a), and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), by monocytes in the presence of synovial fluid-derived exosomes. Exosomes were isolated from the synovial fluid of late-stage OA patients through ultracentrifugation and characterised by Western blot and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). Exosome size has been confirmed between 30 to 150 nm by NTA. Additionally, exosomes expressed tetraspanin markers CD9, CD63, CD81, and HSP70 as demonstrated by Western blot. Monocytes isolated from healthy donor peripheral blood, were cultured with exosomes at various ratios (1:10, 1:20, and 1:40) and time points (24 and 48 hours). Cytokine levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results of this study showed that monocyte-exosome interactions influenced cytokine secretion in a time- and dose-dependent manner. sICAM-1 and C5a exhibited a declining trend with prolonged incubation, except at higher exosome concentrations, where C5a secretion was increased. MIF levels peaked after 48 hours, suggesting delayed cytokine induction. These findings highlight the immunomodulatory role of exosomes in OA, providing insight into the inflammatory processes underlying disease progression

Item Type: Monograph (Project Report)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Osteoarthritis
Subjects: R Medicine
R Medicine > RC Internal medicine
Divisions: Kampus Kesihatan (Health Campus) > Pusat Pengajian Sains Kesihatan (School of Health Sciences) > Monograph
Depositing User: MUHAMMAD AKIF AIMAN AB SHUKOR
Date Deposited: 17 Dec 2025 07:26
Last Modified: 29 Dec 2025 07:10
URI: http://eprints.usm.my/id/eprint/63402

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