Ballakrishnan, Navanithakumar
(2024)
Study On Flies Diversity And Effect Of
Biotic And Abiotic Factors On
Houseflies At Different Farming
Systems.
Masters thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
A study on the effect of the rearing system and the manure settling floor on the
abundance of Musca domestica (fly) was conducted in Kinta district, Perak, Malaysia.
The objectives of this study were to determine the diversity of Diptera species in 14
commercial poultry farms with close house and open house systems; the effect of
biotic and abiotic factors and wind speed on the abundance of flies in fields with soil
and concrete floor types; differences in the housefly index related to relative
humidity, the thickness of manure deposited on the floor of the house, the natural
manure moisture content, and wet manure were studied on six broiler farms.
Knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) survey was also carried out to assess the
current housefly management and prevention measures in practice. A total of 7,993
flies captured belonged to nine families namely, Muscidae, Calliphoridae,
Sacrophagidae, Ulidiidae, Phoridae, Stratiomyidae, Sciaridae, Fannidae and
Syrphidae. The Musca domestica was the predominant fly species (p= 0.047) and it
represented 74.01% (open house) and 68.26% (closed house) while Megaselia
scalaris was the second most abundant species constitutes (21.66% in open house
and 30.58% in closed house farming system). In earthen manure settling floor, mean
housefly index was 7.67 ± 0.23 heads/30 seconds, p= 0.000 ; bird’s age (12.29 ± 0.48
days, p= 0.057); temperature (29.14 ± 0.07 ℃, p= 0.000); ammonia (0.85 ± 0.04 ppm,
p= 0.028); hydrogen sulfide (0.04 ± 0.00 ppm, p= 0.004); wind speed (0.98 ± 0.03
m/s, p= 0.457); relative humidity (56.79 ± 0.27%, p= 0.264); general manure moisture (45.53 ± 1.09%, p= 0.107); wet spot moisture (70.46 ± 1.62%, p= 0.707)
and thickness of manure settled (26.13 ± 0.94 mm, p= 0.000).
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