Abubakar, Shettima
(2023)
Unraveling The Proteome Changes
Underlying Insecticides Resistance In
The Dengue Vector Aedes Aegypti Using
Quantitative Proteomics Analyses.
PhD thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is a significant vector for many tropical and subtropical
flavivirus diseases. Synthetic insecticides are the primary vector control method.
However, the widespread use of pyrethroid is causing resistance in Ae. aegypti. Hence,
this study was aimed to elucidate permethrin and temephos resistant protein expression
profiles in Ae. aegypti using quantitative proteomics. The study evaluated the
susceptibility status of Ae. aegypti from dengue hotspot and non-hotspot areas of
Penang Island against 0.75% permethrin and 31.25 mg/l temephos using the world
health organisation (WHO) standard bioassay protocols. Protein extracts from the
mosquitoes were analysed using LC–ESI–MS/MS for protein identification and
quantification via label-free quantitative proteomics (LFQ). The study used Perseus
1.6.14.0 statistical software to perform differential protein expression (DEP) analysis
via ANOVA and student’s T-test. The t-test selected proteins that showed ≥2.0-fold
change (FC) and ≥2 unique peptides were used for gene expression via qPCR. The
study also used STRING software for functional ontology enrichment and proteinprotein
interaction (PPI) analyses. Bioassay results showed 28% and 53% mortalities
in mosquitoes exposed to permethrin from the hotspot and non-hotspot areas. The
susceptibility of Ae. aegypti larvae revealed high resistance to temephos in hotspot and
non-hotspot areas with 80% and 91% mortalities. The LFQ analysis revealed 501 and
557 (q-value <0.05) DEPs in adults and larvae Ae. aegypti.
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