Abdul Aziz, Zarizana @ Izana
(2023)
State Policy And Practice On Ending
Violence Against Women And Its Due
Diligence In Indonesia: Perspective Of
Civil Society Organization (Csos).
PhD thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
States have the obligation, under international law, to promote, protect
and fulfill human rights as articulated in customary international law and
treaties that a State ratifies. A State is obligated to comply with its obligations
in accordance with the standards determined by the due diligence principle. In
South East Asia, the due diligence principle is still academically underresearched,
and even more so in relation to the accountability to end violence
against women (VAW). There is an urgent need to contextualize the due
diligence principle and to produce critical knowledge on the adoption and
implementation of the due diligence principle in relation to VAW. The research
critically analyses the evolution and development in human rights of the due
diligence principle and its importance in crystallizing State obligation to
eliminate VAW in Java, Indonesia. It examines Indonesia’s discharge of this
obligation in Java by focusing on specific forms of VAW and analyzing how far
Indonesia’s measures comply with treaty obligations. The research further
examines civil society organizations’ (CSOs) perspectives and their assessment
of Indonesia’s measures, achievements and challenges in compliance with its
due diligence obligations. Finally it makes recommendations in areas where the
due diligence principle may be particularly useful in eliminating VAW.
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