Noriman, Ahmad Zakwan
(2021)
In vivo activities of ethanolic extract
from endiandra kingiana (lauraceae) as
potential anti-diabetic agents.
Masters thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent diseases in the worldwide population.
The impairment in insulin secretion, insulin action or both has led to the
hyperglycaemic condition. In 2019, 4.2 million deaths were reported due to diabetes
mellitus. Uncontrolled hyperglycaemia condition leads to secondary complications
such as retinopathy, nephropathy, cardiomyopathy, and limb amputation. Thus, one of
the plants found in Malaysia, known as Endiandra kingiana (Pokok Medang) was
evaluated. It has in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory effect but lacking evidence in in vivo
antidiabetic properties. Thus, there is merit to evaluate the antidiabetic effects of oral
crude bark E. kingiana ethanolic extract (EKEE) on Type 2 diabetic rats (T2DR). The
study was divided into acute phase (24 hours) and subacute phase (28 days). T2DR
was induced by a combination of high-fat diet (HFD) and low-dose streptozotocin
(STZ) (30 mg/kg). A dose of EKEE at 250 mg/kg was found to be most effective in
lowering fasting blood glucose (FBS) in the acute study. The effect was further
evaluated over 28 days in a sub-acute study. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats
were divided into 4 groups. Group 1 – normal, Group 2 – untreated-diabetic rats,
Group 3 – diabetic rats on EKEE (250 mg/kg) and Group 4 – diabetic rats on
metformin (300 mg/kg). FBS, body weight, BMI and SBP were monitored biweekly.
At the end of the study, renal function test, liver function test, lipid profiles, glucagon,
and oxidative stress markers were evaluated. EKEE did not significantly reduce FBS.
EKEE also did not prevent the reduction of body weight and BMI. Glucagon remains
normal with EKEE. As for oxidative stress markers, EKEE significantly decreased
MDA, and increased total antioxidative capacity, but not significant. These results
suggested further study are needed to evaluate E. kingiana as an antidiabetic agent.
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