Meamarbashi, Abbas
(2007)
Development Of A Sensor Module And Data Logger
Capable Of Measuring High Kinematic Parameters In
Football.
PhD thesis, Perpustakaan Hamzah Sendut.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Understanding the complexities of segmental movements in
sporting activities involving high rotational kinematics is essential for
performance enhancement. To date, the underlying mechanisms have been
studied using indirect methods of 2 or 3-dimensional videography (Nunome,
2006). However, to the best of our knowledge, no direct method has been
reported for measuring high rotational kinematics of the instep kick in football.
OBJECTIVES of the present study are: (1) to develop a new sensor module
capable of measuring high linear and rotational kinematics of the shank and
thigh during an instep kick in the field, (2) to develop a Data Logger software for
storing kinematic data in a memory card and a computer software for retrieving
and processing the stored data, (3) to determine the reliability and validity of the
sensor and Data Logger by comparing its output values with that of a standard
isokinetic machine (Biodex) at 500 o/s, 300 o/s and 210 o/s. (4) to determine the
applicability and robustness of the device during an instep kick in the field.
METHODS: The geometric configuration of the sensor module was based on
the principle of differentiations of parallel axis acceleration. Consequently, the
sensor module had two dual axes (X-Y) and three mono-axial (2)
accelerometers placed 20 cm apart on a printed circuit board with similar axis parallel to each other while the Data Logger had one Triaxial accelerometer.
This configuration enabled the capturing of the high linear and rotational
acceleration of the shank and thigh in three axes as well as the magnitude of
two-dimensional angular velocity. The Data Logger's microcontroller software
was written in C language while the computer software was programmed in
Delphi and FoxPro. The computer software enabled kinematic parameters
(linear, angular accelerations and velocity) and kinetic parameters (force,
torque, momentum and power) to be derived from the data recorded by the
Data Logger in the field. The validity and reliability of the sensor module of the
Data Logger are verified by attaching the sensor module to the Biodex lever
arm and recruited five (5) subjects to perform five extension / flexion
movements on the Biodex at 500 o/s, 300 °/5 and 210 o/s. The simultaneous
output values from the Data Logger and Biodex were recorded and compared
statistically using regression analysis and Cronbach's Alpha. In the field, the
applicability and robustness of the device were tested by attaching the sensor
module to the shank of the dominant leg and the Data Logger at the middle of
the thigh. Four (4) instep kicks were performed at an approach angle of 45 o to
60 0. The recorded data stored in the Data Logger was downloaded into the
computer to compute the kinetic parameters of force, torque, angular
momentum and angular power. The results were statistically analysed using
SPSS and presented as mean±SD.
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