Ismail, Mohamed Saat
(2010)
Effects of exercise prescription on blood lipid profiles, health
related fitness component and anthropometric profile of subjects with high cholesterol level.
Other.
Pusat Pengajian Sains Kesihatan, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
(Submitted)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of exercise
prescription on lipid profile changes, cardiorespiratory fitness, blood pressure,
resting heart rate, musculoskeletal fitness and anthropometry measurement of
high cholesterol subject. Nine untrained male subjects age between 40 to 55
year and were serum total cholesterol level more than 5.8 mmol.l-1 randomized
assigned between three days per week (Group 1, n=3), six days per week
(Group 2, n=3) at 50% V02rnax for 60 minutes throughout twelve weeks or no
exercise (Control group, n=3) . Their fasting blood lipid will be assessed for both
groups one day before intervention programme (pre), after four weeks of
intervention programme (post-1), after eight weeks of intervention programme
(post-2) and after twelve weeks of intervention programme (post-3) to compare
the changes of blood lipid profiles. After twelve weeks intervention programme it
showed greater positive improvement of exercise with a reduction in 17.1%
triglycerides, and 15.4% VLDL in Group 2. Meanwhile positive improvement also
was seen with a reduction in 9.0% total cholesterol, 11.5% LDL cholesterol in
Group 1. Additionally, both groups showed slightly improvement in HDL
cholesterol. Therefore, both exercise prescription was sufficient to alter overall
lipid profile changes including HDL cholesterol and reduces cardiovascular risk in previously high cholesterol subjects. But it is encourage increasing sample size
and prolonged duration more than twelve weeks for additional benefit.
The blood pressure (BP), resting heart rate (RHR) and health related
fitness test consisted of maximum oxygen consumption (V02max), back strength
(BS), leg strength (LS), dominant hand grip strength (HG), sit up (SU), push up
(PU) and sit and reach (SR) were performed at a day before intervention
programme (pre), at the end of week 4 (post-1) and week 8 (post-2). After eight
weeks exercise intervention programme, Group 1 demonstrated greater
improvement with decreased in systolic BP (2.7%), diastolic BP (6.2%) and RHR
(9.0%) compared to Group 2. While Group 2 showed better improvement in
V02max (4.9%), (BS (26.1%), LS (35.2%), HG (3.6%), PU (46.0%) and SR (3.9%)
compared to Group 1. These findings suggested that low frequency exercise
group (3 times/week) induced more positive changes in resting heart rate and
blood pressure. While, high frequency exercise group (6 times/week) induced
more positive changes in V02max. muscular strength, push-up and sit and reach.
In order to maximize the effects of moderate intensity exercise of 60 min/session
on cardiorespiratory fitness (V02max). high frequency exercise of 3 times per
week should be recommended.
The anthropometric measurements were performed at a day before
intervention programme (pre), at the end of week 4 (post-1) and week 8 (post-2).
After 8-week exercise intervention programme, group 2 showed greater
improvements with decreased in body weight (2.6%), BMI (2.4%), reduced in
subscapular (10.4%) and front thigh (13.1%) skinfold thickness, and decreased in girth of arm relaxed (1.3%), arm flexed (1.3%), waist (1.3%), hip (1.6%) and calf
(4.1%) than group 1. While group 1 show more improvements that decreased in
triceps (7.8%), biceps (5.9%), iliac crest (8.6%), medial calf (3.4%), and calf girth
(0.3%) than group 2. These findings suggest that high frequency exercise group
(6 dlwk) had greater reduction in anthropometric measurements more than low
frequency exercise group (3 dlwk). In order to maximize the effects of moderate
intensity exercise of 60 min/session on anthropometric measurements, high
frequency exercise of 6 times per week should be recommended
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