Ying, Sze Ven
(2011)
Knowledge and self-care adherence
among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
with self-injecting insulin at klinik
Pakar Perubatan (KPP), Hospital Universiti
Sains Malaysia (HUSM).
Other.
Pusat Pengajian Sains Kesihatan, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
(Submitted)
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases and of the top ten
leading causes of death. Adequate glycemic control is vital in diabetes
management to prevent complications secondary to uncontrolled diabetes.
However, majority of diabetes patients were still not in satisfactorily controlled.
Many type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients delay or discontinue the use of
insulin, even insulin use is required to achieve adequate glycaemic control.
Complicating issues and lifestyle changes associated with self-injecting insulin
diabetes patients make the issues of adherence to prescribed diabetes
management plan more difficult than other illnesses. Level of diabetes
knowledge had influences on the optimal diabetes care. Thus, ojectives of this
study were to examine the knowledge and self-care adherence among T2DM
patients with self-injecting insulin. A quantitative study had been carried out
on 40 T2DM patients at HUSM, Kelantan, Malaysia. Validated Brief DKT with
reliability Cronbach's alpha 0. 70 and SDSCA with reliability Cronbach's alpha
for each of the regimen areas, (1) Diet: a=O. 70, (2) Exercise: a=O. 71, (3) SelfMonitoring
Blood Glucose: a=0.89 and (4) Medication: a=1.00 was used to
assess the knowledge and self-care adherence respectively in this study.
Ethical clearance was obtained from the Ethical and Research Committe {Human) of USM. Duration of data collection was from January 2011 to
February 2011. Data were analyzed via Chi-Square and One-Way Analysis of
Variance {ANOVA) Test. Generally more than half of the respodents (52.5%)
had poor level of overall diabetes knoweldge and general diabetes knowledge
respectively and 62.5% had poor level of insulin knowledge. Sociodemographic
factors were found significantly associated with overall diabetes
knowledge; gender {p= 0.027), level of education {p=0.002), and income {p=
0.004), however there was no significant association between overall diabetes
knowledge level with age {p= 0.269), ethnic (p= 0.342), marital status (p=
0.168), duration of diabetes (p= 0.920), duration of injected insulin (p= 0.979)
and frequency of insulin injection in one day (p= 0.495). On the other hands,
there was no significant association for all of the four self-care regimen areas
(1) Diet (p= 0.063), (2) Exercise (p= 0.302), (3) Self-Monitoring Blood Glucose
{p= 0.089) and (4) Medication (p= 0.097) with overall knowledge level were
found in this study. However, different level of self-care adherence was
observed between different levels of knowledge groups. Respondents who
had poorer level of overall diabetes knowledge group had poorer mean of
self-care adherence. Majority of the respondents had low adherence to
exercise and self-monitoring blood glucose, moderate adherence to diet and
good adherence to medication. In conclusion, the findings of this study will
provides a guideline for health care providers to improve the diabetes
knowledge and self-care practices among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
with self-injecting insulin.
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