Zain, Nur Dalilah Mohd
(2021)
Factors associated with presence of human papilomavirus infection among women attending new cervical cancer screening program in Kelantan in 2019.
Masters thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
Background: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is known to cause cervical cancer worldwide. Recently, Malaysia has introduced HPV DNA detection testing in the cervical cancer screening program. However, many knowledge gaps regarding associated factors for HPV infection among women have yet to be explored.
Objective: This research aimed to study the prevalence and factors associated with HPV infection among women attending new cervical cancer screening in Kelantan in 2019.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted between January to May 2021 using secondary data extracted from the HPV DNA test registry book and HPV DNA laboratory request form. Women attending the new cervical cancer screening program who fulfilled the study criteria were included in the study. Simple random sampling was applied. All information was collected using proforma and analysed using IBM SPSS Version 26. The attendees were categorized into HPV infection and non-HPV infection. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the association of sociodemographic and reproductive characteristic with HPV infection.
Results: A total of 789 women were included in the study. Their mean age was 38.82 (SD 5.44) while, the median was 3.06 (IQR 1.80). The prevalence of HPV infection among women attending the new cervical cancer screening was 8.4% (95% CI 6.4%, 10.3%). Those with age between 30 to 39 years old (AdjOR 2.09; 95% CI 1.16, 3.78, p=0.014), parity 5 and more (AdjOR 2.82; 95% CI 1.58, 5.06, p<0.001) and hormonal contraception method users (AdjOR 7.48; 95% CI 4.07, 13.76, p<0.001) were significantly associated with HPV infection.
Conclusion: Overall prevalence of HPV infection among women attending new cervical cancer screening was comparable other studies and proportion of high risk type of HPV infection was high among the women in Kelantan. Sociodemographic and reproductive factors were both given the significant association with HPV infection. Thus, identifying those factors among women will allows the screening program to be more focused and able to reach the target group, subsequently reducing the risk of cervical cancer.
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