Kow Fang, Fang
(2009)
Dietary adherence and health belief
among malay with type 2 diabetes
mellitus patients in the
diabetes centre,
hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM).
Other.
Universiti Sains Malaysia.
(Submitted)
Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (DM) is now recognized as a major global health
problem of pandemic proportions. Adherence to diabetes self care management regimen
is important for controlling Type 2 DM. Unfortunately, low rate of dietary adherence had
been found. Health belief is considered as one of the factors that influence the
performance of dietary adherence. The purpose of this study was to determine the level
of diabetic dietary adherence, diabetic health beliefs and their association. A quantitative
study using the HBM framework was involved with 136 Malay subjects with Type 2 DM
in Pusat Diabetes, HUSM, Kelantan, Malaysia. The validated Summary Diabetes SelfCare
Activities (SDSCA) scale with reliability alpha 0.68 and modified Health Belief
Model Diabetes Scale with reliability alpha 0.69-0.82 being used. Ethical clearance was
obtained from Ethical and Research Committee of USM. Duration of data collection is
approximately I month from February 2009 to March 2009. Data were analyzed via ChiSquare
and Fisher's Exact test. There were 64% respondents in this study who adhered to
their diabetic dietary regimen. Majority of the respondents had high positive beliefs of
diabetes on susceptibility to diabetic complication and benefit which were 90% and 95%
respectively. While both of the severity and barriers domain showed just 23% of
respondent had high positive belief. However, this study had identified that there were
certain false beliefs of diabetes especially in severity and barriers domain. Perceived
susceptibility, benefits, and barriers in following diabetic dietary regimens were
significantly associated with diabetic dietary adherence with the p <0.0001, p = 0.009,
and p = 0.028 respectively, while perceived severity showed no significant association
with dietary adherence (p = 0.843). As a conclusion, the prediction of HBM is most
likely true except for the perceived severity domain. Thus, health care providers need to
establish methods, techniques or guideline to change false belief of diabetes and
overcome the barriers among OM patients.
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