Hua, Gan Siew
(2009)
Stereoisomer concentrations of amphetamine, amphetamine derivatives and
metabolites in saliva and urine in comparison with blood plasma levels
utilizing a validated stereoselective gas chromatography ion-trap mass
spectrometry assay ·.
Stereoisomer concentrations of amphetamine, amphetamine derivatives and metabolites in saliva and urine in comparison with blood plasma levels utilizing a validated stereoselective gas chromatography ion-trap mass spectrometry assay ·.
Abstract
Amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) are a family of drugs classified as entactogens which
posses both stimulant and hallucinogenic properties. Abuse of ATS is an increasingly serious
problem worldwide. The abuse of ATS results in several negative side-effects including
hyperthermia, elevated' heart rate and blood pressure, delirium and psychotic behavior. Longterm
abuse leads to extensive hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity. ATS are chiral molecules and
metabolism of these drugs exhibits significant stereoselectivity. It has been shown that each
individual ATS enantiomer exhibits a unique pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile. In
this study, a novel assay for sensitive and selective stereospecific determination of
amphetamine-type s1imulants was developed. The assay involves a simultaneous extraction
and chiral derivatization step followed by analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
THis resulted in an assay that was rapid and simple to perform. Using an fractional factorial
experimental design approach, the method was optimized and validpted. The method was
applied to samples from known ATS abusers and the stereoselectivity for the elimination of ATS
in biological samples was characterized. This study resulted in a novel method for the
determination of ATS in biological samples, which will be applied in further studies on the
stereoselective metabolism of ATS.
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