Sanyang, Abdoulie M.
(2019)
Detection of anti-giardia IgG in selected orang asli serum samples.
Masters thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
Giardiasis is a water-borne parasitic disease caused by the enteric protozoan, Giardia
lamblia. The disease is prevalent in Orang Asli settlements due to the risk factors
such as substandard sanitary system, poor hygiene practice and unclean water supply.
Individuals harbouring the parasite mostly remain as asymptomatic carriers, but the
disease may progress to mild, moderate or severe clinical intestinal symptoms. To
better control the disease, epidemiological data reflecting on the range of affected
population plays a pivotal role. The currently available epidemiological data of
giardiasis in Orang Asli inferred only to active infection at a single timepoint via
cross-sectional study design. The reported data might be underestimating the
population at risk or exposed to giardiasis. Hence, the present study aimed to detect
the presence of anti-G. lamblia IgG in selected Orang Asli serum samples via inhouse
CSA-IgG-ELISA. A total of 150 archived serum samples were used in the
present study. Crude soluble antigen was prepared from axenically grown G. lamblia
and used for development of in-house CSA-IgG-ELISA. The in-house ELISA was
set up with coating antigen of 10 μg/mL, serum dilution of 1:50 and HRP-conjugated
secondary antibody of 1:6000. From the analysis, 68.7% showed ELISA optical
density (OD) at 450nm readings of at least 1.000; it was at least three-fold of
previously reported cases by PCR or microscopy. There were no associations
between ELISA OD450nm readings and subjects’ demographic variables i.e. age and
genders. Similarly, there were no significant difference found between ELISA
OD450nm readings of RT-PCR positive and negative serum samples. The finding
suggested seroprevalence of anti-giardia IgG could be a better indicator for
estimating population exposed to giardiasis.
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