Farook, Taseef Hassan
(2020)
Development and virtual validation of a novel digital workflow utilising open-source smartphone based stereophotogrammetry in prosthetic rehabilitation of palatal defects.
Masters thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
Palatal defects are rehabilitated by fabricating maxillofacial prostheses called
obturators upon plaster models obtained by taking impressions of the defect site. The
models are then digitally stored using expensive and not-readily-available hardware to
prevent physical damage or data loss. When required, future obturators are digitally
designed using expensive proprietary software and 3D printed. The objective of this
research was to utilise and validate an economic in-house smartphone based
stereophotogrammetry 3D scanner (SPINS) and to evaluate its accuracy in designing
prostheses using open source pipeline by a comparative study. Palatal defect models
were scanned using SPINS and compared against the standard laser scanner. The
parameters of comparison were mesh surface area, virtual volume, Hausdorff’s
distance (HD) and Dice similarity coefficient (DSC). The acceptability threshold for
HD was set to <0.5mm and DSC > 0.70. SPINS derived 3D models were then used to
design digital obturators using an open source workflow. Comparison of digital
obturators were made using the same parameters and compared against ‘laser scanned
models with proprietary software’ and ‘laser scanned models with open source
software’. There were no significant differences (P>.05) in surface area and volume
when comparing SPINS vs Laser scanner, with SPINS meeting both acceptability
thresholds. Mesh surface area and volume were 2.12% and 1.79% more than the laser
scanner respectively. Evaluation of open source workflow against proprietary
counterparts also suggested no significant differences (P>.05) in surface area and
volume of the prosthetic bulbs with all groups meeting both HD and DSC acceptability
thresholds. When compared against the standard proprietary procedures, open source
workflow demonstrated 5.80% less area and 21.40% more volume in obturator bulbs
when designed from laser scanned models. Alternatively, when developed from
SPINS, open source demonstrated 6.53% less area and 15.08% more volume in
obturator bulbs. From the current simulation, SPINS and open source workflow should
be applied to the clinical setting for further evaluation of maxillofacial defect record
keeping.
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