Razali, Mohd Sayuti
(2006)
A study on prevalence of hearing impairment and ear diseases in Kelantan.
Masters thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
Objective
To determine the prevalence of hearing impairment and ear diseases in
Kelantan.
Methodology
It was a prospective population based cross-sectional study. The study
was conducted in the chosen subjects that based on two-stage stratified random
sampling in nine districts in Kelantan. Enumeration blocks (EB) were selected
from each district. Eight living quarters were selected from each EB. All
households who live in the living quarters and consented to get involved in the
study were screened for hearing impairment and ear diseases by using
questionnaire, ear examination and audiological test at their house. Each
participant was subjected to otoacoustic emission test. Subjects were then
underwent behavioral test according to their age. The behavioral tests include
distraction test and pure tone audiometry (air conduction only).
Result
A total of 502 participants were screened. For the ear diseases, 500 were
able to be examined and the prevalence was 11.8o/o. Impacted wax was the most
common ear disease found followed by chronic suppurative otitis media.
Whereas for the hearing impairment, the prevalence based on OAE was 30.2o/o
and this figure was reduced to 16.8% when the participants were screened with
behavioral tests. Presbyacusis was most common finding of the cause of hearing
impairment followed by noise induced hearing loss.
Conclusion
Result from the study has shown that significant prevalence of ear
diseases and hearing impairment among population of Kelantan and effort
should continue even harder to tackle the problems. Providing education toward
good ear care and screening program to detect hearing impairment as early as
possible and thus early rehabilitation should be carried out.
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