Zainudin, Nur Hanim
(2018)
Wound healing effect of acanthaster planci sulfated glycosaminoglycans extracted from diabetic induced rats.
Masters thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
The Crown-of-Thorns starfish is an echidonermata that inhabits tropical and
subtropical marine ecosystem within the Indo-Pacific. The starfish: A. Planci causes
endemic devegetation of coral reef ecosystem. This study extrapolate a industrial able
effort to exploite the starfish biomass as strategy management. In this millinea, the
strategic management of the starfish: A. Planci is a dilemma. High content of GAGs can
be extracted from COT’s starfish: A. Planci biomass. The main aim of this study was to
harness the prowess of wound healing capabilities of COT’s starfish: A. Planci sulfated
GAGs extracted from its body’s coelomic fluid and body’s integument wall in
management of chronic (diabetic) wound. Macroscopic observation (wound contraction
and inflammatory response) and microscopic assessment (LM and FEGSEM) was
adapted to discuss the important features and histological analysis findings related to
epithelial cell migration, collagen fibers reorganization, PMNL and fibroblasts cell
proliferation and the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis). Three
concentrations dose of 1 μg/ml, 3 μg/ml and 5 μg/ml were topically applied on the full
thickness excision wound at the streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic Sprague Dawley
male rats. Applications of 10 mg from 1 μg/ml, 3 μg/ml and 5 μg/ml doses of GAGs
concentrations applied within a 6mm diameter wound were integrated with carbopolbased
transdermal polymer from day 0 to day 12. The wound contraction percentage was
significantly (p <0.0167), in sulfated GAGs from COT’s starfish: A. Planci body'scoelomic fluid of 5 μg/ml concentration study as compared to control group. The results
revealed that GAGs with 5 μg/ml doses accelerated patho-physiology dynamics of
epithelial cell migration far better and significantly (p <0.0167) than as observed in the
control group. However there were no recorded differences between the median score
for epithelial cell migration from the treatment group when both doses of extracts was
analysed. Assessment from the LM and FEGSEM data revealed complete epithelial
bridging of the wound area to all treatment groups on day 12. There is a reduction in the
presence of macrophage and PMNL cells (polymorphonuclear leukocytes cells) and
mast cells in all treatment and control groups. There was no statistical difference on day
12. The increase in fibroblast cell proliferation (p <0.0167) was observed in the
treatment group (with coelomic fluid concentration of 5 μg/ml). The formation of new
blood vessels was significantly (p <0.05) in the group treated with body’s coelomic fluid.
Groups with extracts from coelomic fluid was observed able to stimulate reorganization
of collagen fibers, especially on day 12 (p <0.05). This study seems to reveal that GAGs
from starfish biomass with different concentration levels manifest different wound
healing dynamic features. However, the extracts from coelomic fluid (5 μg/ml
concentrations) showed the optimum effect of wound healing, especially in chronic
inflammation (on STZ induced diabetic rats models). This discovery gives new hope to
the management problem of diabetic wound healing
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