Fauzi, Norhayati
(2017)
Evaluation of immune status among regular Malay male whole blood donors.
Masters thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
Blood donations are an essential part of healthcare system. It is crucial to ensure that
sufficient and safe supplies of blood from blood donation. However, it is important to
ensure that the donor‟s health is not compromised by the donation of blood or blood
component. Whole blood donors may lose approximately 2x109 leukocytes in a
single whole blood donation, with no significant drop in peripheral blood
lymphocyte count. The possibility of blood donation may change the immune status
should be assessed.
This study aimed to evaluate and compare the levels of immune markers among first
time and regular whole blood donors, as well as, to determine association between
the levels of immune markers with the frequency of whole blood donation.
A comparative cross sectional study was done at Hospital USM from May 2015 to
April 2016. Peripheral blood was taken from 40 regular and 40 first time; Malay
male whole blood donors. The immune marker parameters that were studied included
TWBCs with neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils count
by using XE 5000 Sysmex haematology analyzer (Koba, Japan). Flow cytometry for
percentage and absolute count of CD3, CD4, CD8, CD16+56+, CD19 and CD4:CD8
ratio using BD FACSCANTO II. IL-2, IL-10 and IFNγ level quantification by using
ELISA immunoassay. IgG, IgA and IgM level quantification by using nephlometry.
The mean (SD) of monocytes absolute count in first time and regular whole blood
donors were 0.51 (0.14) and 0.58 (0.16), respectively with p value significantly
higher in regular whole blood donors. The mean (SD) of interleukin 10 in first
time and regular whole blood donors were 6.60 (3.05) and 5.04 (2.28),
respectively with p value significantly lower in regular whole blood donors. The
mean (SD) of Ig A in first time and regular whole blood donors were 2.24 (0.89)
and 2.71(1.02), respectively with mean value significantly higher in regular whole
blood donors. Other parameters showed no significant mean different. Analysis
for determination of association between the levels of immune markers with
frequency of whole blood donation showed no significant association.
This present study demonstrates regular blood donors showed no serious significant
effects both for cellular and humoral immune markers when compared with the first
time blood donors. The differences in monocytes absolute count, IL-10 and IgA
between the two groups are probably related to variation of immune activity with no
clinical significance. Furthermore, there was no significant association between the
levels of immune markers with frequency of whole blood donation. Within
limitations of this present study, there are no added risks to regular blood donors as a
result of immune changes.
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