Hapit, Nor Hussaini Abdul
(2018)
Phytochemical Profiling, Antioxidant Activities And Effects Of Propolis Derived From Local Stingless Bee (Trigona Apicalis) On The Expression Of Adhesion Molecules In Endothelial Cells.
Masters thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
Propolis is defined as a sticky, dark–coloured, resinous substance which produced by bees through combination of their saliva and plants exudates. Currently, there is substantial evidence indicating that propolis acquires many beneficial biological properties such as anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, antioxidative and immunomodulating activities. This study aimed to analyze the phytochemical compositions of Trigona apicalis (T. apicalis) propolis from different location (B, M, S, K dan T) and evaluate their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Samples were extracted with an optimized extraction method,
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