Cheng, Xin You
(2013)
Dilute Acid Hydrolysis Of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches,
Rice Husks, Rice Straws And Oil Palm Trunks To Produce
Glucose And Xylose.
Masters thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
Lignocellulose biomass are potential renewable sources to produce biofuels that may
replace the non-renewable fossil fuels. Oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB), oil palm
trunks (OPT), rice husks and rice straws were used to produce fermentable sugars via
acid hydrolysis. Glucose enzymatic assay was tested and shown to be affected by the
colour of the hydrolysate while High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
analysis was shown to be no problem with the colour of the hydrolysate in determining
glucose and xylose concentrations. Four types of biomass chosen were hydrolyzed using
a simple two-stage acid hydrolysis method to obtain fermentable sugars. Three
hydrolysis parameters i.e. hydrolysis duration, hydrolyzing acid concentration and the
concentrated acid to raw material weight ratio were studied and optimized for every
biomass. The results were interpreted via the sugar yields of glucose and xylose by
HPLC. The simple two-stage acid hydrolysis method was shown to achieve good total
glucose and xylose yields. In the parameters optimization, the most suitable hydrolysis
duration for all the four types of biomass used was 4 hours. As for the other two
parameters, 4.5 % (v/v) was found to be the most suitable hydrolyzing acid
concentration while the ratio of 4:1 (w/w) was found to be the most suitable
concentrated acid to raw material weight ratio for all the four types of biomass. By using
the simple two-stage acid hydrolysis and the optimized parameters, the total glucose and
xylose yields achieved for EFB, OPT, rice husks and rice straws were 30.71 % (w/w),
29.41 % (w/w), 29.31 % (w/w) and 35.16 % (w/w) respectively.
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