Ying Jiun, Chong
(2015)
Macular and retinal nerve fiber layer analysis in main Bumiputera adults in Sarawak.
Masters thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
Introduction
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is widely used in the measurement of macula
thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness. The normal variation of
macular thickness and the normative database of RNFL thickness are known to vary
according to ethnicity. However, the ethnic influence has not been thoroughly
evaluated. To date, there are no published studies on macular and RNFL data for the
main Bumiputera ethnic groups from Sarawak, Malaysia.
Objective
The aim of this study is to determine and compare the macular and RNFL thickness
among the main Bumiputera ethnic groups in the state of Sarawak, Malaysia.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional population-based study conducted in Hospital Umum
Sarawak from March 2012 to November 2013. A total of 338 healthy subjects from
three main Bumiputera ethnic groups in Sarawak (129 Malay, 112 Iban, and 97
Bidayuh) aged from 21 to 70 years old were recruited. The macular and RNFL
thickness were measured using Spectralis OCT. The mean retinal thickness was
obtained according to the nine areas of the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy
Study map. The mean RNFL thickness was acquired according to overall area, two
quadrants (nasal and temporal), and four sub-quadrants (superior and inferior).
Results
The mean central macular thickness was 272.64 ± 26.29 μm, 276.87 ± 27.48 μm, and
275.80 ± 23.13 μm for Malay, Iban and Bidayuh subjects respectively. There was
significant difference of mean macular thickness between the Malays subjects and
Iban subjects in the superior inner (p = 0.014), inferior outer (p = 0.007), and
temporal outer (p = 0.014) region. The overall mean RNFL thickness was 102.73 ±
11.92 μm, 104.73 ± 10.40 μm, and 103.28 ± 11.34 μm for Malay, Iban, and Bidayuh
subjects respectively. There was significant difference of mean RNFL thickness in the
temporal quadrant between the Malays subjects and Iban subjects (p = 0.016).
Conclusion
The mean macular thickness was significantly thinner in the Malay ethnic group
compared to the Iban ethnic group in the superior inner, inferior inner, and temporal
outer areas. The mean RNFL thickness in the temporal quadrant was significantly
thinner in the Malay ethnic group compared to the Iban ethnic group.
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