Victor, Mamane and Guillaume, Mercier and Abdul Shukor, Junidah and Jérôme, Gleize and Azizan, Aziz and Yves, Fort and Brigitte, Vigolo
(2014)
Chemi- vs physisorption in the radical functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes under microwaves.
Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology, 5.
pp. 537-545.
ISSN 2190-4286
Abstract
The effect of microwaves on the functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) by the diazonium method was
studied. The usage of a new approach led to the identification of the strength of the interaction (physical or chemical) between the
functional groups and the carbon nanotube surface. Moreover, the nature (chemical formula) of the adsorbed/grafted functional
groups was determined. According to thermogravimetric analysis coupled with mass spectrometry and Raman spectroscopy, the
optimal functionalization level was reached after 5 min of reaction. Prolonged reaction times can lead to undesired reactions such as
defunctionalization, solvent addition and polymerization of the grafted functions. The strength (chemi- vs physisorption) of the
bonds between the grafted functional groups and the SWNTs is discussed showing the occurrence of physical adsorption as a
consequence of defunctionalization after 15 min of reaction under microwaves. Several chemical mechanisms of grafting could be
identified, and it was possible to distinguish conditions leading to the desired chemical grafting from those leading to undesired
reactions such as physisorption and polymerization.
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