Phyllanthus Niruri Standardized Extract Alleviates the Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Decreases Atherosclerotic Risk in Sprague–Dawley Rats

Al Zarzour, Raghdaa Hamdan and Ahmad, Mariam and Asmawi, Mohd. Zaini and Kaur, Gurjeet and Ahmed Saeed, Mohammed Ali and Al-Mansoub, Majed Ahmed and Mohammed Saghir, Sultan Ayesh and Usman, Nasiba Salisu and Al-Dulaimi, Dhamraa W. and Mun, Fei Yam (2017) Phyllanthus Niruri Standardized Extract Alleviates the Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Decreases Atherosclerotic Risk in Sprague–Dawley Rats. Nutrients, 9 (766). pp. 1-19. ISSN 2072-6643

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Official URL: http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/9/7/766

Abstract

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the major global health issues, strongly correlated with insulin resistance, obesity and oxidative stress. The current study aimed to evaluate anti-NAFLD effects of three different extracts of Phyllanthus niruri (P. niruri). NAFLD was induced in male Sprague–Dawley rats using a special high-fat diet (HFD). A 50% methanolic extract (50% ME) exhibited the highest inhibitory effect against NAFLD progression. It significantly reduced hepatomegaly (16%) and visceral fat weight (22%), decreased NAFLD score, prevented fibrosis, and reduced serum total cholesterol (TC) (48%), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (65%), free fatty acids (FFAs) (25%), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (45%), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (38%), insulin concentration (67%), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (73%), serum atherogenic ratios TC/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (29%), LDL/HDL (66%) and (TC–HDL)/HDL (64%), hepatic content of cholesterol (43%), triglyceride (29%) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (40%) compared to a non-treated HFD group. In vitro, 50% ME of P. niruri inhibited �-glucosidase, pancreatic lipase enzymes and cholesterol micellization. It also had higher total phenolic and total flavonoid contents compared to other extracts. Ellagic acid and phyllanthin were identified as major compounds. These results suggest that P. niruri could be further developed as a novel natural hepatoprotective agent against NAFLD and atherosclerosis.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica > RS1-441 Pharmacy and materia medica
Divisions:	Institut Penyelidikan Perubatan Molekul (Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine INFORMM) > Article Pusat Pengajian Sains Farmasi (School of Pharmacy) > Article
Depositing User:	Mr Noorazilan Noordin
Date Deposited:	16 Oct 2017 04:13
Last Modified:	16 Oct 2017 04:13
URI:	http://eprints.usm.my/id/eprint/37136

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